{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5cc2a367",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " ---------------\n",
    "* 日期: 2022-09-21\\week05\n",
    "* 课程： python\n",
    "* 记录人：姚远航\n",
    "---------------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1a554e85",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 本周学习内容\n",
    "\n",
    ">1. 数值（number) \n",
    ">\n",
    ">> 1.定义    \n",
    ">> 2.方法        \n",
    "\n",
    "> 2.字符串 （string)\n",
    ">\n",
    ">> 1.定义   \n",
    ">> 2.方法    \n",
    "## 1.数值\n",
    ">1.对数值进行分类\n",
    ">\n",
    ">> 1.整数(int)   \n",
    ">> 2.浮点数(float)   \n",
    ">> 3.复数(complex)   \n",
    ">\n",
    "> 2.[数值的运算法则](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "110f2193",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "99 <class 'int'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "## 整型\n",
    "a = 99 \n",
    "print(a,type(a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "03d31596",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "99.9 <class 'float'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 浮点型\n",
    "b = 99.9\n",
    "print(b,type(b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "d84f2c17",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "198.9 <class 'float'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c = a+b\n",
    "print(c,type(c))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "82d8bf6b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(2+3j) <class 'complex'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 复数(虚数)\n",
    "d = 2+3j\n",
    "print(d,type(d))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8518de26",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.字符串(str)\n",
    "> 1.定义   \n",
    "> 2.方法  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "57c96dbc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Alex <class 'str'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "name = 'Alex'\n",
    "print(name,type(name))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "8b0cb88e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "can't multiply sequence by non-int of type 'str'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Input \u001b[1;32mIn [6]\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 3>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m a \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m18\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[0;32m      2\u001b[0m b \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m22\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 3\u001b[0m \u001b[43ma\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mb\u001b[49m\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: can't multiply sequence by non-int of type 'str'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = '18'\n",
    "b = '22'\n",
    "a * b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "105b8eef",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "18 18\n",
      "<class 'int'> <class 'str'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 18\n",
    "b = '18'\n",
    "print(a,b)\n",
    "print(type(a),type(b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "14a5c55f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "invalid syntax (3216694480.py, line 2)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;36m  Input \u001b[1;32mIn [8]\u001b[1;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m    'doesn't'\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m           ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 关于单引号和双引号\n",
    "'doesn't'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "42c9328b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"doesn't\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 解决方案1\n",
    "\"doesn't\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "8ffe4f1a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"doesn't\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 解决方案2  \\ 后面的内容是“符号”，转义，\\自动消失\n",
    "'doesn\\'t'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "07eec522",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# *正则表达式，有兴趣的同学可以自学"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "01b22411",
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "EOL while scanning string literal (2693316446.py, line 1)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;36m  Input \u001b[1;32mIn [12]\u001b[1;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m    \"hello\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m          ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m EOL while scanning string literal\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hello\n",
    "world\n",
    "\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "426c1a10",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 三个引号，可以包含任何文本\n",
    "# 作用：\n",
    "# 1. 保持原数据的结构，包含符号，换行等。 \n",
    "# 2. 可以用来做代码注释。\n",
    "NFU_招投标_HTML = \"\"\"\n",
    "<ul class=\"tzgg-div\" style=\"display: block;\">\n",
    "                                                                      <li class=\"tzgg-nr\">\n",
    "                                             <p class=\"tzgg-time\">\n",
    "                                                <a href=\"ztb/a400b894512f4cb7a1c55a8872a2b5f5.htm\">\n",
    "                                                     <i>›</i>\n",
    "                                                     <span>09-13</span>\n",
    "                                                 </a>\n",
    "                                            </p>\n",
    "                                            <p class=\"tzgg-p\">\n",
    "                                                <a href=\"ztb/a400b894512f4cb7a1c55a8872a2b5f5.htm\">            广州南方学院智能供应链实验室建设项目竞争性磋商公告... \n",
    "    </a>\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\"\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "1566d290",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "<ul class=\"tzgg-div\" style=\"display: block;\">\n",
      "                                                                      <li class=\"tzgg-nr\">\n",
      "                                             <p class=\"tzgg-time\">\n",
      "                                                <a href=\"ztb/a400b894512f4cb7a1c55a8872a2b5f5.htm\">\n",
      "                                                     <i>›</i>\n",
      "                                                     <span>09-13</span>\n",
      "                                                 </a>\n",
      "                                            </p>\n",
      "                                            <p class=\"tzgg-p\">\n",
      "                                                <a href=\"ztb/a400b894512f4cb7a1c55a8872a2b5f5.htm\">            广州南方学院智能供应链实验室建设项目竞争性磋商公告... \n",
      "    </a>\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(NFU_招投标_HTML)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "5743f566",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello world!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### 三个引号来代码注释\n",
    "\n",
    "import random\n",
    "import time\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "南方学院学校要闻 = \"https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xxyw/index\"\n",
    "页面后缀 = \".htm\"\n",
    "page = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "for i in range(page):\n",
    "    print(南方学院学校要闻 + str(i) + 页面后缀)  # 字符串拼接\n",
    "    random_num = random.randint(1,10)\n",
    "    print(\"该次停留\",random_num,'秒')\n",
    "    time.sleep(random_num)\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "\n",
    "print(\"hello world!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "93ceddf8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.1 字符串的运算法则"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3e607f58",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 1.字符串的拼接    \n",
    "> 2.字符串的有序性      \n",
    ">> 1.取值     \n",
    ">> 2.切片   \n",
    ">\n",
    "> 3.enumerate:枚举       \n",
    "> 4.in 可以查询成员对象是否存在     "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "4ec85f93",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'helloworld'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 字符串的拼接\n",
    "\"hello\" + \"world\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "59b7fe05",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "你好，Alex\n",
      "你好，Marry\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 实践\n",
    "text = \"你好，\"\n",
    "for i in [\"Alex\",\"Marry\"]:\n",
    "    result = text+i\n",
    "    print(result)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ff9e9527",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* 取值"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a59c3916",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 1.去单个值    \n",
    "> 2.切片，取多个连续的值   "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "50267c12",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 字符串的有序性\n",
    "地址 =  \"广州市从化区温泉大道882号广州南方学院\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "92ab3e78",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'广'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "地址[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "fe3a5373",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'州'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "地址[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "8837e9fb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'院'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "地址[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "1e0b962e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'广州'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "地址[0:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "93133564",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'从化区'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "地址[3:6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "5919f35b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "存在 广州 这个文本\n",
      "存在 广州 这个文本\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 实践: 请检查 广州是否在 地址 里面？\n",
    "# 检查 i 是否是广，然后判断 i[index+1] 下一个索引值的内容是否是州\n",
    "\n",
    "# 方法: enumerate:枚举\n",
    "for index,value in enumerate (地址):\n",
    "    if value ==\"广\":\n",
    "        if 地址[index+1] ==\"州\":\n",
    "           print(\"存在 广州 这个文本\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "71070009",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n",
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 方法: in 可以查询成员变量的\n",
    "print(\"广州\" in 地址)\n",
    "print(\"Alex\" in 地址)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "fd36fa9a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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